Elastic-fluid motor for milking apparatus.



A. KILBORN.

ELASTIC FLUID MOTOR ran MILKING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12, 1911. v

Patented July 9, 1912.

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APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12, 19'11. I W115i QU Y Patented July 9, 1912.

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ALBERT KILBORN OF MIDDLE BRIGHTON, VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.

ELASTIC-FLUID MOTOR FOR MILKING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July $51 1912.

Application filed January 12, 1911.' Serial No. 602,212.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, ALBnR'r KILnoRm a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Bondi, New Street, Middle Brighton, in the State of Victoria,Commonwealt-h of Australia, engineer, have invented Improvement-s in Elastic-Fluid Motors. for Milking Apparatus,oof which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in elastic fluid motor mechanisms and more especially to mechanisms of this type as employed in connection with pneumatic milk ing machines, and the primary object of the invention is to provide an improved and eflicient mechanism of this character which is composed of two parts and is simple in construction.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in certain improvements, combinations and arrangements of parts, all as will be hereinafter more fully described, the novel features being pointed out particularly in the claims at the end of the specification.

In the accompanying drawing :Figure 1 represents a vertical section of a pneumatic motor mechanism embodying the presentinvcntion and adapted for use in connection with milking machines; Fig. 2 represents an axial section through a motor mechanism ofsomewhat modified form, the

. cylinders and pistons being. arranged in tandem or axial alinement; and Fig. 3 is a sectional view of another modified form of the invention wherein the cylinders for the respective pistons are constructed separately and their ports are connected by appropriate piping.

Similar parts are designated by the same reference characters in the several views.

In that form of the invention shown in Fig. 1, the mechanism comprises generally a base 19 having a flange 19 adapted to seat upon and form a fluid-tight connection with r the rim of a bucket or receptacle, a gasket being interposed as usual to insure a tight fit. The base 19 is tormed with a pair of openings 1 which extend through the base; a pair of cylinder casingsare mounted" on the upper side of the base, one of these cylinder casings having a relatively large cylinder P which forms the cylinder chamber P, and a relatively smaller cylinder P which forms the smaller cylinder chamber 15. The other casing embodies arelatively large cylinder S forming the relatively large cylinder chamber S and it also embodies a relatively smaller cylinder S which forms a relatively smaller cylinder chamber 16. 1 term the cylinder P a primary cylinder and the cylinder S the secondary cylinder, the heads of these two cylinders being preferably removable but normally held in position by a clamp member P, a threaded standard P the lower end of which is attached to the base 19, and a nut P which is threaded upon the upper end of the standard and bears upon the clamping member P A piston 2 reciprocates and has a' fluidtight-fit within the primary cylinder P, this piston 52 being connected to or formed in tegrally with a piston valve 3 which reciprocates and has a fluid-tight fit within the .valve cylinder P the valve 3 having a single cylindrical head which is connected to the piston 2 by a stem of reduced diameter. A piston i reciprocates andhas a fluid-tight fit within the secondary cylinder S and this piston is connected to or formed integrally with a piston valve 5 which reciprocates and has a fluid-tight fit within the corresponding valve cylinder S the valve 5 embodying a pair of axially spaced heads which are connected to one another and to the piston 4 by stems of reduced diameter. The cylinder P containing the piston valve 3 has a port 6 formed in the wall thereof at a point intermediate' its length and this port 6 is connected by a pipe or conduit 9 to a port 11 which communicates with the upper end of the secondary cylinder chamber S. The rate of flow: of fluid through the port 11 may be throttled or controlled by a suitable throttle valve 11 having a spring as shown to frictionally hold it in dili'erent adjusted positions, and in this way the frequency of the pulsations due to the reciprocating motions of the pistons may be regulated. The cylinder S also has a port 7 formed in its wall and at a point intermediate its length, the port 7 communicating through the pipe or conduit 10 with a port 12 which communicates with the top of the primary cylinder chamber P. A vent to the atmosphere 13 is provided in the wall of the cylinder P at a point above the port 6 of this cylinder, and this cylinder P is also formed with a suitable number of circumferentially H spaced ports 17 which communicate with a nipple 18, the latter being adapted to be attached by hose as usual to the milking detube 20 is attached to the base 19 and may be connected by a hose or other. suitable means to a source of fluid pressure supply or, assumingthe apparatus to be used in coimec- ..tion with milking mechanism, this pipe or tube 20 will be connected to a vacuum pump whereby vacuum pressure will be maintained beneath the base 19; r

In operating the mechanism just described in connection with milking apparatus, the base of the mechanism is placed upon a bucket or other receptacle and apartial vacuum is maintained in the bucket or receptacle and at the under side of the base by an exhaust pump attached to the pipe or tube 20, it being understood that the nipple or tube 18 is connected by hose or other suitable means to the milking devices. While the pistons occupy the positions shown in Fig. 1, the vacuumpressure acting upon the relatively smaller pistons 3 and 5 will tend to draw both pistonsdownwardly. However, at this time the passage 8 leading from the under side of the base 19 will cause air to be exhausted from the upper side of the piston2 through the port 12, the conmeeting pipe 10, port 7 and the chamber 16, a and owing to the relatively larger area of the piston 2, the force acting on the smaller valve piston 3 will be overcome and the. pistons 2 and 3 will rise.- Upward motion of the pistons 2 and 3 will cause the piston 3 to uncover the ports 6 and 17. Uncovering of the port 17 creates a vacuum pressure in the tube 18 connected to the milking devices and uncovering of the port 6 causes air to be exhausted from the upper side of the secondary piston 4 through the port 11 and the connecting pipe 9. The secondary piston '4 together with thevalve pistons 5 will then rise owing to the greater area offered by the upper side of the piston 4 to the vacuum pressure as compared with the area of the relatively smaller valve piston 5, and rising of the secondary piston 4 and the valve piston 5 will establish communicationbetween the port 7 which communicates with the upper side of the primary piston 2 and" the atmosphere vent 14 in the wall of the valve cylinder S air from the atmosphere being thereby permitted to flow to the upper side of the primary piston 2 and theyacuum ressure to which the under side of valve piston 3 is subjectwill draw thgpistons 2,

and 3 downwardly, the valve piston 3 then establishing communication between the port 6 and the atmosphere vent 13 to permit atmospheric air to flow into the space above the secondary piston 4 and enabling the vacuum pressure at the under side of the valve piston 5 to draw the secondary piston 4 and the valve pistons 5 downwardly. The downward motion of the valve piston 3 also establishes communication between the port 17 and the atmosphere vent 13, thereby permitting air at atmospheric pressure to How to the milking devices connected to the pipe or nipple '18. This cycle of operations is repeated in the order named.

In that embodiment of the invent-ion shown in Fig. 2, the primary and secondary cylinders P and S are arranged in axial alinement or in tandem fashion, and the.

relatively smaller valve cylinders P and S are interposed between the primary and secondary cylinders and these two cylinders are in alinement and formed as a continuation of the other. The primary and secondary pistons 2 and 4 operate within the respective cylinders and the piston valves 3*.and 5 operate in the respective valve cylinders P and S In this embodiment of the 111-- vention, the nipple 1 8 communicates with a port 17 formed in one wall of the valve cylinder P this nipple being connected as usual by hose to the milkin devices and a tube or nipple 20 communicii tes with a port 1 formed at the point where thevalve cylinders 1 and S join, ,it being understood that the nipple or tube 20 is connected by a hose or otherwise to a vacuum pump. The valve cylinders P and S are provided as before with atmosphere vents 13 and 14 and also with the ports 6 and 7, the port 6 of the valve cylinder-P being connected by a pipe 9 to the port 11 at theouter end of the secondary cylinder chamber S a'nd the port 7 in the wall of the valve cylinder S is connected by a pipe 10 to the port 12 at the P. In this instance .the pistonvalve 3 is -formed with two trapsy erse ports and an axial print-d5, and tli'eapiston valve 5' is formed with anaugular port 8- which leads from the inner end thereof and extends laterally to control the port 7. To enable the motor mechanism .to be used for power purposes, the primary piston 2 is provided with a piston rod 21 which extends through a stutling box 22 at the outer-end of the primary cylinder. In this embodiment of the invention, the vacuum to which the port 1 is subject will cause air to be exhausted through the port 8 in the piston 5 port 7, pipe 10 andfport 12, a vacuum pressure being created in the primary cylinder chamber P at the right hand side of the primary piston 2. and this piston together with the piston' valve 3 willinove toward the rightL' noseae I Such mOvement of the pistons 2 and 3 v {.willxcause the ports 6 and 17 to be uncovered, air being exhausted then through the hose connected to the nipple '18 and also through the port 6, pipe 9, and port 11, thus creating avvacuum pressure in the;

cylinder chamber S at the left hand side of the secondary piston 4, the latter piston together with the piston valve'5 being 16 thereby drawn to the left and establishing communication between the port 16 of the piston valve 5% and the atmosphere vent 14 and the port 7, air at atmospheric pressure then flowing through the ports 14, 15 16' and 7, through the pipe and port 12,

and entering the primary piston chamber P, the primary-piston 2 and its piston valve 3 being then drawn toward .the'leftdue to the vacuum pressure acting upon'the piston 2 valve 3*. Movement of the primary piston 2 and its piston valve3 to the left-estao ishes communication between the atmosphere vent 13'- and the port in the piston valve 3 a portion of the atmospheric air "fiowing-through the port '17 and the hose leading to the milking devices, such hose being connected to the nipple 18, and a' portion of the air at atmospheric pressure entering the ventl3 will flow through the port 3 6, the pipe9 and the port 11 into the secthe apparatus. In that embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 3, the casing forming the secondary cylinder S wit-h its cylinder cham ber S and the relatively smaller valve cyloyinder S is formed separately from the casing P". A secondary piston 4 and a corresponding piston valve .5 operate in the cylinders S and S3 respectively, and in this instance, the piston valve 5 is formed with a pair of ports 8 and 16 the port 8 contlfolling'the flow of fluid throu h the port- 'Z, pipe 10, and port 12, while t e port 16 controls communication between the atmosvent '13 is also formed in the wall of the primary cylinder Pf next to the port 6. In this embodiment "of the invention, a combined piston and valve 3 is employed which reciprocates in the primary cylinder P, this piston and valve being formed with a circumferentialgroove or port- 15 which serves to alternately establish communication between the port 6' and the atmosphere vent 13 and the pipe 3 The port or passage 15 in the piston and valve 3 also communi-' cates with a port 17 to which'the nipple or pipe 18 is'conneeted, this nipple or pipe 18 serving for the attachment of the hose connected to the milking devices. In this'emg6 bodiment of the invention, the motor mecha-,

'nism is also adapted to be used for power purposes, the member 3 being provided for this purpose with a piston rod 21 which extends through a stuifing box 22 on the for ward end of the cylinder P. The operationof this embodiment of the invention is as follows: Assuming the parts to initially 0c.- cupy the position shown in Fig. 3 and also assuming that the pip'e'20 is conpected to I av source of fluid pressure'supply, the port 8 in the valve piston 5 registering :with the port 7 will cause motive fluid to flow through these ports and throughthe pipe.

10 and port 12 into the space at the right 7 hand side or in rear of the member 3 of the primary motor, the space at the opposite side of, the member 3* communicating with the atmosphere for exhaust purposes through the vent 14, ports'l6, 7, pipe 10 I and port 12. The piston member 8 will make a stroke toward the left. Movement of the member 3 toward the left will establish communication between the atmosphere vent lds and the port 6, these ports being.

bridgttl tears time by the port 15 to the piston meinber 3 Air above the piston A is then fI'GQA tO exhaust to the atmosphere through the port 11, pipe 9 and ports 6, 15 and Fluid of the valve piston 5? will then move this piston together with the, piston 4 upwardly and this shifting of the piston 5 will cause pressure at the under side phere vent 14 and either" the port 7 or the the port 16 thereof, to establish communiport 7, the l tter port communicatingby a cation between the atmosphere vent l4: and 5.

pipe l0 with a port 12 formed in the opposite end of the primary cylinder P, the construction and mode of operation of the valve 5 in this instance being similar to the r valve 5 in Fig. 2. The bottom of the cylinder S is closed and has a port 1 to which the motive fluid supply pipe 20 is connected. A pipe 3 also leads from the bottom of thecylinder S into the wall of the primary 9 cylinder P at a point between the ports 12 the port 7 so that airpressure at the right hand side of the piston niember 3 will be exhausted through the port 12, pipe 10, and ports 7, 16 and 14. Upwardpnovementof the valve piston 5 also uncovers the port 7 1 and permits motive fluid to flow through the port 7 pipe 10*- and port l2?-,.lcaus ing the piston member 3" to produce a stroke toward the right. This movement of the piston member 3 toward" the right causes the port 15 of this piston member to establish communication between the port' Sand the pipe 3, permitting motive fluid to flow through these passages, through the piped and port: 11 and to act upon the law upper sideof the-relatively large piston 4, causing the latter and the valve piston 5" to produce a downward stroke, thus returning the elements to the initial position, this cycle of operations being repeated as long as the apparatus continues to operate.

I claim as my invent1on: 1. In an elastic fluid motor, lZhGCOH'lbllltltion of a cylinder having a piston and valve .said second mentioned piston to the action and valve member.

of the motive fluid to move the same in an opposite direction and in opposition'to the action of the motive fluid on said piston valve? l elastic fluid motor, the combination of a-cyl'inder having a piston and valve member operative therein, a second cylinder of diflerential areas having a piston and a piston valve of diiferential areas opera-' tive in unison therein, means for constantly subjecting said piston valve to theaction of the motive fluid to move the same in one direction, and means controlled by said piston valve for intermittently subjecting said member to the action of the motive fluidto move said member in one direction.

3. In an elastic fluid motor, the combina tion of a secondary cylinder having ditferent-ial areas and provided with a piston of large diameter directly connected with a piston valve of smaller diameter, a primary cylinder having differential areas and provided with a piston of large diameter directly connected with a piston valve of smaller diameter, means to maintain the smaller areas ofsaid cylinders always in direct communication with the elastic motive fluid, the smaller areas of said cylinders being provided with ports located intermediately of their lengths, and a passage connected to each of said ports for alternately delivering fluid and air against the respective piston of the other cylinder.

4:- In an elastic fluid. motor, the combination of a, secondary cylinder having difl'erential areas and provided with apiston of large diameter directly connected with a piston valve of smaller diameter, a primary cylinder provided with a piston and valve member, means for subjecting said piston valve in the secondary cylinder to the action of the elastic motive fluid, and means conp of primary and secondary cylinders, each trolled by said piston valve for delivering fluid and air alternately against said piston 5. In an elastic fluid motor, the combination of a cylinder having differential areas provided with a piston in the larg+r area directly connected with a piston valve in the smaller area, another cylinder provided with a piston and valve member, means for subjecting one end of said valve member to the action of the elastic motive fluid, and means controlled respectively by said valve and valve member for subjecting the oppo site end of said member and said piston'to the action oi. the motive fluid.

6. In an elastic fluid motor, the combination of primary and secondary'cylinders, each having differential diameters, means for maintaining the smaller areas of said cylinders in direct communication with a source of elastic motive fluid, a piston in the primary cylinder of large diameter directly connected with a smaller piston valve in the smaller area thereof, apiston in the secondary cylinder of large diameter directly connected with a smaller piston valve inthe smaller area, means connecting the large area of the piston in the secondary cylinderalternately with the motive fluid and the atmosphere under the control of the piston valve of the primary cylinder,

and means connecting the large area of the ondary cylinder.

7. In an elastic fluid motor, the combination of primary and secondary cylinders,

each having differential diameters, means for maintaining the smaller areas of said cylinders always in direct communication with a source of elastic motive fluid, a piston in the primary cylinder of large diameter directly connected with a piston valve in the smaller area thereof, the smaller area of the primary cylinder having an air port toward one end thereof and also a port at an intermediate point connected with the larger area of the secondary cylinder, both of said ports being controlledby said piston valve in the primary cylinder to alternately deliver fluid and air to said secondary cylinder, and a piston in the secondary cylinder of large diameter directly connected 'with a piston valve-in the smaller area of the secondary cylinder, an airport being formed in the smaller area of the latter and toward one end thereof, a port being also formed toward the middle thereof and connected with the larger area of the primary cylinder, the

piston valve of the secondary cylinder conhaving differential diameters, the smaller areas of said cylmders being always in d 1- rect communication with a source of elastic 'motive fluid, a piston in the. primary cyl;

inder of large diameter directly connected' with a piston valve in the smaller area thereof, the latter having an airport formed therein toward one end and a motive fluid port Connected with the larger area of the secondary cylinder, said ports being controlled by said piston valve in the primary cylinder to alternately deliver fluid and air to-the larger area of the secondary cylinder, and a piston in the secondary cylinder of large diameter directly connected With a piston valve in the smaller area of the secondary cylinder, the latter having an air port open to the atmosphere, and a port connected with the larger area of the primary cylinder, both of said ports in the secondary cylinder being controlled by said piston valve therein to alternately deliver fluid and air to the larger area of the primary cylinder, a port being formed in the smaller area of the primary cylinder adapted to be connected to the teat cup tube and adapted to communicate alternately with the motive fluid and air under the control of the piston .valve of the primary cylinder.

9. In milking apparatus, the combination of primary and secondary cylinders, each having diiferential diameters, means tor maintaining the smaller areas of said cylinders always in direct communication with an elastic motive fluid, a piston in the primary cylinder of large diameter directly} connected with a piston valve inlne smaller area of the primary cylinder, the latter having an air port and aport connected with 5 the larger area of the secondary cylinder, both of said ports being controlled by said piston valve in the primary cylinder to alternately deliver fluid and air to the piston in the secondary cylinder, and a piston 4 in the secondary cylinder of large diameterv directly connected with a piston valve in the smaller area of the secondary cylinder, the latter having an air port and a port connected with the larger area ofthe primary cylinder, both of said ports in the secondary cylinder being controlled by said piston valve in the secondary cylinder to alternately deliver fluid and air to the larger area of the primary cylinder, a port being also formed in the smaller area of the primary cylinder to communicate with the teat cup tube and adapted to intermittently communicate with the motive fluid under the contrrl of the piston valve in the primary cylinder.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing wit ncsses.

ALBERT KILBORN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' I Washington, D. G. 

